This is the first baseline study of macrofauna on sandy beaches across FI, comparing beaches with different morphodynamic types and varying levels of human intervention and fauna. By evaluating macrofaunal diversity and abundance on penguin-colonized versus undisturbed beaches, the project also seeks to understand how both human activity and these key faunal actors influence ecosystem structure and functioning. Findings will support sustainable beach management and conservation strategies, balancing ecological needs with low-impact human use. It will inform future Island-wide studies.
